GeoJSON

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Introduction

GeoJSON is a geospatial data format based on the JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) standard, used to represent simple geographic features and their attributes. It stores geographic data (such as points, lines, polygons, etc.) together with related attribute information, and is widely used in Web map services, GIS (Geographic Information System), data visualization, and geographic data exchange.

Data Format Overview

GeoJSON files use the syntax structure of JSON format to represent geographic data and attributes, mainly including the following geometry types:

Point: a single coordinate point used to represent a specific location.
MultiPoint: a collection of multiple points.
LineString: a series of points connected in sequence, representing a path or boundary.
MultiLineString: a collection of multiple lines.
Polygon: an area represented by a closed path.
MultiPolygon: a collection of multiple polygons.
GeometryCollection: a collection of geometry objects.

Pros

Lightweight and easy to read: GeoJSON is based on the JSON format, with a simple structure, easy to read and write, and suitable for lightweight applications.
Wide compatibility: Compatible with most Web APIs and applications, easy to develop and integrate.
Support a variety of geometric types: It can represent a variety of geometric structures to meet different geographic data requirements.
Cross-platform transmission: It supports cross-platform geographic data exchange and can be transmitted between multiple systems and applications.
Easy to parse: GeoJSON can be directly parsed by JavaScript, which is convenient for direct use in Web applications.

Cons

Does not support complex geometric structures: GeoJSON is mainly suitable for simple geometric data, and complex geometric data may exceed its design capabilities.
Large data volume: Compared with binary formats (such as Shapefile, TopoJSON), GeoJSON files are larger and have higher transmission and storage costs.
Insufficient precision: Since the WGS84 coordinate system (default coordinate system) is used, there may be insufficient precision for high-precision geographic applications.
Lack of topological support: Compared with TopoJSON, GeoJSON does not have topological relationship information and cannot perform topological optimization.

Application Scenario

GeoJSON is widely used in web maps and data visualization. With the characteristics of JSON format, it can be quickly parsed and displayed on web browsers. It is often used for online map data display, dynamic loading of geographic information, etc. In mobile application development, GeoJSON format facilitates lightweight geographic data transmission and is suitable for mobile geographic information services such as navigation, positioning, and map display.